File & Directory
Command
| Description
|
man [nama perintah]
| melihat manual perintah
|
apropos [suatu yang berhubungan dengan perintah]
| mencari perintah berdasarkan suatu
|
ls
| Melihat daftar direktori
|
mkdir [nama direktori]
| Membuat direktori
|
cd [/direktori/lokasi]
| Mengubah lokasi direktori
|
cp [nama file atau direktori] [ke direktori atau nama file]
| Menyalin file/Direktori
|
cp -r
| akan menyalin setiap file dalam direktori yang Anda tentukan.
|
rm [nama file atau direktori]
| Menghapus file/Direktori
|
rm -Rf
| akan menghapus setiap direktori yang Anda tentukan.
|
rmdir
| menghapus direktori
|
mv [nama file atau direktori]
| Ganti Name file/Direktori
|
locate [nama file atau direktori]
| Mencari file/Direktori
|
cat [nama file]
| melihat isi file
|
more [nama file]
| melihat isi file layar per layar
|
less [nama file]
| melihat isi file baris per baris
|
pipeline/vertical bar
| menggabungkan dua perintah
|
clear
| membersihkan terminal
|
[nama file]
| menjalankan file
|
which [nama file]
| mencari file
|
Command
| Description
|
# cd /home
| enter to directory '/ home'
|
# cd ..
| go back one level
|
# cd ../..
| go back two levels
|
# cd
| go to home directory
|
# cd ~user1
| go to home directory
|
# cd -
| go to previous directory
|
# cp file1 file2
| copying a file
|
# cp dir/* .
| copy all files of a directory within the current work directory
|
# cp -a /tmp/dir1 .
| copy a directory within the current work directory
|
# cp -a dir1 dir2
| copy a directory
|
# cp file file1
| outputs the mime type of the file as text
|
# iconv -l
| lists known encodings
|
# iconv -f fromEncoding -t toEncoding inputFile > outputFile
| converting the coding of characters from one format to another
|
# find . -maxdepth 1 -name *.jpg -print -exec convert
| batch resize files in the current directory and send them to a thumbnails directory (requires convert from Imagemagick)
|
# ln -s file1 lnk1
| create a symbolic link to file or directory
|
# ln file1 lnk1
| create a physical link to file or directory
|
# ls
| view files of directory
|
# ls -F
| view files of directory
|
# ls -l
| show details of files and directory
|
# ls -a
| show hidden files
|
# ls *[0-9]*
| show files and directory containing numbers
|
# lstree
| show files and directories in a tree starting from root(2)
|
# mkdir dir1
| create a directory called 'dir1'
|
# mkdir dir1 dir2
| create two directories simultaneously
|
# mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2
| create a directory tree
|
# mv dir1 new_dir
| rename / move a file or directory
|
# pwd
| show the path of work directory
|
# rm -f file1
| delete file called 'file1'
|
# rm -rf dir1
| remove a directory called 'dir1' and contents recursively
|
# rm -rf dir1 dir2
| remove two directories and their contents recursively
|
# rmdir dir1
| delete directory called 'dir1'
|
# touch -t 0712250000 file1
| modify timestamp of a file or directory - (YYMMDDhhmm)
|
# tree
| show files and directories in a tree starting from root(1) |
Penyuntingan Text
Perintah untuk penyuntingan text pada terminal :
Command
| Description
|
wc [nama file]
| menghitung baris, kata, karakter dalam file
|
sort [nama file]
| mensortir urutan isi file berdasarkan karakter
|
grep [text dicari] [nama file]
| mencari text dalam suatu file
|
nano [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor nano
|
pico [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor pico
|
vi [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor vi
|
vim [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor vim
|
mcedit [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor mcedit
|
cat [nama file] [pipeline] lpr
| print file
|
User dan Group
Cara text pada terminal, dalam kondisi administrasi superuser (sudo su), administrasi user :
Command
| Description
|
useradd [nama user]
| menambah user
|
passwd [nama user]
| mengganti pasword user
|
chmod 755 [nama file atau dirctory]
| mengubah mode user file mnjadi 755 (rwx-r-x-r-x)
|
chgrp [nama grup] [nama file]
| mengubah grup file
|
chown [user] [nama file]
| mengubah user pemilik file
|
Administrasi Proses
Perintah administrasi pada terminal yaitu:
Command
| Description
|
alias [nama pengganti]=[nama file]
| mengubah nama file jadi pengganti
|
unalias [nama penganti]
| mengembalikan alias
|
bg [nama file]
| memaksa suspend proses file agar berjalan di background
|
fg [nama file]
| mengembalikan proses file berjalan di foreground
|
find [nama file]
| mencari lokasi file
|
sudo -s
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (ubuntu dan debian)
|
sudo su
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (ubuntu dan debian)
|
su
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (semua linux)
|
startx
| menjalankan X-Window bila dalam kondisi single mode
|
hostname
| menampilkan nama host dari mesin
|
Manajemen proses
Command
| Description
|
ps ax
| melihat seluruh proses yang berjalan, ax = all
|
kill [signal][pid]
| perintah menghentikan proses PID (nomor proses)
|
top
| melihat aktifitas proses
|
dmesg
| melihat 10 proses terakhir
|
tail [namafile]
| melihat proses tertentu
|
df
| melihat pembagian partisi harddsik
|
du
| melihat volume disk yang digunakan
|
free
| melihat disk yang kosong
|
uname -a
| melihat informasi sistem, arsitektur mesin, kernel sistem operasi digunakan, versi, dan detail lain
|
ifconfig
| melihat semua interface network (antarmuka jaringan)
|
iwconfig
| melihat inteface jaringan nirkabel (wireless LAN)
|
System information
Command
| Description
|
# arch
| show architecture of machine(1)
|
# cal 2007
| show the timetable of 2007
|
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
| show information CPU info
|
# cat /proc/interrupts
| show interrupts
|
# cat /proc/meminfo
| verify memory use
|
# cat /proc/swaps
| show file(s) swap
|
# cat /proc/version
| show version of the kernel
|
# cat /proc/net/dev
| show network adpters and statistics
|
# cat /proc/mounts
| show mounted file system(s)
|
# clock -w
| save date changes on BIOS
|
# date
| show system date
|
# date 041217002007.00
| set date and time - MonthDayhoursMinutesYear.Seconds
|
# dmidecode -q
| show hardware system components - (SMBIOS / DMI)
|
# hdparm -i /dev/hda
| displays the characteristics of a hard-disk
|
# hdparm -tT /dev/sda
| perform test reading on a hard-disk
|
# lspci -tv
| display PCI devices
|
# lsusb -tv
| show USB devices
|
# uname -m
| show architecture of machine(2)
|
# uname -r
| show used kernel version
|
Shutdown, Restart and Logout of a system
Command
| Description
|
# init 0
| shutdown system(2)
|
# logout
| leaving session
|
# reboot
| reboot(2)
|
# shutdown -h now
| shutdown system(1)
|
# shutdown -h 16:30 &
| planned shutdown of the system at 16:30
|
# shutdown -c
| cancel a planned shutdown of the system
|
# shutdown -r now
| reboot(1)
|
# telinit 0
| shutdown system(3)
|
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