File & Directory
| Command
| Description
|
| man [nama perintah]
| melihat manual perintah
|
| apropos [suatu yang berhubungan dengan perintah]
| mencari perintah berdasarkan suatu
|
| ls
| Melihat daftar direktori
|
| mkdir [nama direktori]
| Membuat direktori
|
| cd [/direktori/lokasi]
| Mengubah lokasi direktori
|
| cp [nama file atau direktori] [ke direktori atau nama file]
| Menyalin file/Direktori
|
| cp -r
| akan menyalin setiap file dalam direktori yang Anda tentukan.
|
| rm [nama file atau direktori]
| Menghapus file/Direktori
|
| rm -Rf
| akan menghapus setiap direktori yang Anda tentukan.
|
| rmdir
| menghapus direktori
|
| mv [nama file atau direktori]
| Ganti Name file/Direktori
|
| locate [nama file atau direktori]
| Mencari file/Direktori
|
| cat [nama file]
| melihat isi file
|
| more [nama file]
| melihat isi file layar per layar
|
| less [nama file]
| melihat isi file baris per baris
|
| pipeline/vertical bar
| menggabungkan dua perintah
|
| clear
| membersihkan terminal
|
| [nama file]
| menjalankan file
|
| which [nama file]
| mencari file
|
| Command
| Description
|
|---|
| # cd /home
| enter to directory '/ home'
|
| # cd ..
| go back one level
|
| # cd ../..
| go back two levels
|
| # cd
| go to home directory
|
| # cd ~user1
| go to home directory
|
| # cd -
| go to previous directory
|
| # cp file1 file2
| copying a file
|
| # cp dir/* .
| copy all files of a directory within the current work directory
|
| # cp -a /tmp/dir1 .
| copy a directory within the current work directory
|
| # cp -a dir1 dir2
| copy a directory
|
| # cp file file1
| outputs the mime type of the file as text
|
| # iconv -l
| lists known encodings
|
| # iconv -f fromEncoding -t toEncoding inputFile > outputFile
| converting the coding of characters from one format to another
|
| # find . -maxdepth 1 -name *.jpg -print -exec convert
| batch resize files in the current directory and send them to a thumbnails directory (requires convert from Imagemagick)
|
| # ln -s file1 lnk1
| create a symbolic link to file or directory
|
| # ln file1 lnk1
| create a physical link to file or directory
|
| # ls
| view files of directory
|
| # ls -F
| view files of directory
|
| # ls -l
| show details of files and directory
|
| # ls -a
| show hidden files
|
| # ls *[0-9]*
| show files and directory containing numbers
|
| # lstree
| show files and directories in a tree starting from root(2)
|
| # mkdir dir1
| create a directory called 'dir1'
|
| # mkdir dir1 dir2
| create two directories simultaneously
|
| # mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2
| create a directory tree
|
| # mv dir1 new_dir
| rename / move a file or directory
|
| # pwd
| show the path of work directory
|
| # rm -f file1
| delete file called 'file1'
|
| # rm -rf dir1
| remove a directory called 'dir1' and contents recursively
|
| # rm -rf dir1 dir2
| remove two directories and their contents recursively
|
| # rmdir dir1
| delete directory called 'dir1'
|
| # touch -t 0712250000 file1
| modify timestamp of a file or directory - (YYMMDDhhmm)
|
| # tree
| show files and directories in a tree starting from root(1) |
Penyuntingan Text
Perintah untuk penyuntingan text pada terminal :
| Command
| Description
|
| wc [nama file]
| menghitung baris, kata, karakter dalam file
|
| sort [nama file]
| mensortir urutan isi file berdasarkan karakter
|
| grep [text dicari] [nama file]
| mencari text dalam suatu file
|
| nano [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor nano
|
| pico [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor pico
|
| vi [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor vi
|
| vim [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor vim
|
| mcedit [nama file]
| membuat file txt baru pakai editor mcedit
|
| cat [nama file] [pipeline] lpr
| print file
|
User dan Group
Cara text pada terminal, dalam kondisi administrasi superuser (sudo su), administrasi user :
| Command
| Description
|
| useradd [nama user]
| menambah user
|
| passwd [nama user]
| mengganti pasword user
|
| chmod 755 [nama file atau dirctory]
| mengubah mode user file mnjadi 755 (rwx-r-x-r-x)
|
| chgrp [nama grup] [nama file]
| mengubah grup file
|
| chown [user] [nama file]
| mengubah user pemilik file
|
Administrasi Proses
Perintah administrasi pada terminal yaitu:
| Command
| Description
|
| alias [nama pengganti]=[nama file]
| mengubah nama file jadi pengganti
|
| unalias [nama penganti]
| mengembalikan alias
|
| bg [nama file]
| memaksa suspend proses file agar berjalan di background
|
| fg [nama file]
| mengembalikan proses file berjalan di foreground
|
| find [nama file]
| mencari lokasi file
|
| sudo -s
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (ubuntu dan debian)
|
| sudo su
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (ubuntu dan debian)
|
| su
| login sementara sebagai superuser atau root (semua linux)
|
| startx
| menjalankan X-Window bila dalam kondisi single mode
|
| hostname
| menampilkan nama host dari mesin
|
Manajemen proses
| Command
| Description
|
| ps ax
| melihat seluruh proses yang berjalan, ax = all
|
| kill [signal][pid]
| perintah menghentikan proses PID (nomor proses)
|
| top
| melihat aktifitas proses
|
| dmesg
| melihat 10 proses terakhir
|
| tail [namafile]
| melihat proses tertentu
|
| df
| melihat pembagian partisi harddsik
|
| du
| melihat volume disk yang digunakan
|
| free
| melihat disk yang kosong
|
| uname -a
| melihat informasi sistem, arsitektur mesin, kernel sistem operasi digunakan, versi, dan detail lain
|
| ifconfig
| melihat semua interface network (antarmuka jaringan)
|
| iwconfig
| melihat inteface jaringan nirkabel (wireless LAN)
|
System information
| Command
| Description
|
| # arch
| show architecture of machine(1)
|
| # cal 2007
| show the timetable of 2007
|
| # cat /proc/cpuinfo
| show information CPU info
|
| # cat /proc/interrupts
| show interrupts
|
| # cat /proc/meminfo
| verify memory use
|
| # cat /proc/swaps
| show file(s) swap
|
| # cat /proc/version
| show version of the kernel
|
| # cat /proc/net/dev
| show network adpters and statistics
|
| # cat /proc/mounts
| show mounted file system(s)
|
| # clock -w
| save date changes on BIOS
|
| # date
| show system date
|
| # date 041217002007.00
| set date and time - MonthDayhoursMinutesYear.Seconds
|
| # dmidecode -q
| show hardware system components - (SMBIOS / DMI)
|
| # hdparm -i /dev/hda
| displays the characteristics of a hard-disk
|
| # hdparm -tT /dev/sda
| perform test reading on a hard-disk
|
| # lspci -tv
| display PCI devices
|
| # lsusb -tv
| show USB devices
|
| # uname -m
| show architecture of machine(2)
|
| # uname -r
| show used kernel version
|
Shutdown, Restart and Logout of a system
| Command
| Description
|
| # init 0
| shutdown system(2)
|
| # logout
| leaving session
|
| # reboot
| reboot(2)
|
| # shutdown -h now
| shutdown system(1)
|
| # shutdown -h 16:30 &
| planned shutdown of the system at 16:30
|
| # shutdown -c
| cancel a planned shutdown of the system
|
| # shutdown -r now
| reboot(1)
|
| # telinit 0
| shutdown system(3)
|
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